{"id":32245,"date":"2026-04-29T16:21:08","date_gmt":"2026-04-29T14:21:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/goodkarmaprojects.org\/?p=32245"},"modified":"2026-04-29T17:44:28","modified_gmt":"2026-04-29T15:44:28","slug":"nanoplasticos-mar-impacto-peces","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/goodkarmaprojects.org\/ca\/2026\/04\/29\/nanoplasticos-mar-impacto-peces\/","title":{"rendered":"De la playa al laboratorio: lo que revelan los nanopl\u00e1sticos sobre la salud de los peces"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Los <\/span>nanopl\u00e1sticos en el mar<\/b> se han convertido en una de las mayores preocupaciones de la contaminaci\u00f3n marina. Un reciente estudio cient\u00edfico,<\/strong> liderado por la Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Barcelona (UAB) dentro del campo de la ecotoxicolog\u00eda marina, ha analizado el impacto de los nanopl\u00e1sticos en los peces.<\/strong> Para ello, el equipo utiliz\u00f3 pellets de pl\u00e1stico recogidos en la costa de Tarragona.<\/span><\/p>

Good Karma Projects<\/strong> colabor\u00f3 en la investigaci\u00f3n mediante la recogida de muestras en la playa de La Pineda. Esta participaci\u00f3n aport\u00f3 materiales reales y conocimiento sobre un tipo de contaminaci\u00f3n que sigue muy presente en el litoral. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>

El estudio (disponible <\/span>aqu\u00ed<\/span><\/a>) ayuda a comprender mejor un problema poco visible, pero cada vez m\u00e1s preocupante.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Qu\u00e9 son los nanopl\u00e1sticos y por qu\u00e9 preocupan<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Cuando pensamos en contaminaci\u00f3n marina<\/strong>, solemos imaginar botellas flotando, bolsas atrapadas entre rocas o redes de pesca abandonadas. Sin embargo, una gran parte del problema no se puede ver a simple vista.<\/span><\/p>

Con el tiempo, el sol, el agua salada y las olas fragmentan los pl\u00e1sticos en part\u00edculas cada vez m\u00e1s peque\u00f1as. Primero aparecen los micropl\u00e1sticos<\/strong> y, posteriormente, los nanopl\u00e1sticos<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>

Estas part\u00edculas son tan diminutas que pueden entrar f\u00e1cilmente en los organismos marinos, desplazarse por sus tejidos e incluso interactuar con sus c\u00e9lulas. Aunque los micropl\u00e1sticos han sido ampliamente estudiados, los nanopl\u00e1sticos siguen siendo uno de los grandes retos cient\u00edficos actuales. Todav\u00eda quedan muchas preguntas por responder: \u00bfQu\u00e9 pasa cuando los peces los ingieren? \u00bfC\u00f3mo afecta a su organismo?<\/strong>…<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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C\u00f3mo se hizo el estudio con pellets recogidos de La Pineda<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Para estudiar esta cuesti\u00f3n, el equipo de la UAB, liderado por<\/span> Mariana Teles<\/b> y en colaboraci\u00f3n con distintos centros de investigaci\u00f3n, trabaj\u00f3 con pl\u00e1sticos reales presentes en el medio ambiente.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Los materiales utilizados fueron <\/span>pellets de pl\u00e1stico <\/b>recogidos por el equipo de voluntariado de Good Karma Projects en la playa de La Pineda, en Tarragona.<\/span><\/p>

Por si te est\u00e1s preguntando qu\u00e9 son los pellets<\/strong>: son peque\u00f1as bolitas de pl\u00e1stico utilizadas como materia prima en la fabricaci\u00f3n de productos pl\u00e1sticos. Durante su producci\u00f3n, manipulaci\u00f3n o transporte, pueden perderse accidentalmente y acabar en el mar. Convirti\u00e9ndose en una fuente importante de contaminaci\u00f3n por pl\u00e1sticos.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"nanopl\u00e1sticos\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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En el laboratorio, estos pellets fueron triturados mediante procesos controlados para generar nanopl\u00e1sticos ambientalmente realistas, es decir, part\u00edculas similares a las que se producen cuando los pl\u00e1sticos se degradan de forma natural en el oc\u00e9ano. Esto permiti\u00f3 analizar el impacto de una contaminaci\u00f3n real, no de materiales sint\u00e9ticos de laboratorio.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Qu\u00e9 efectos se detectaron en los peces<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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El experimento se realiz\u00f3 con doradas (<\/span>Sparus aurata<\/span><\/i><\/a>), una especie muy com\u00fan en el Mediterr\u00e1neo.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Los peces fueron expuestos a los nanopl\u00e1sticos durante <\/span>96 horas<\/b>, aproximadamente cuatro d\u00edas. Durante este tiempo, los investigadores analizaron varios indicadores de salud: supervivencia, peso corporal, par\u00e1metros sangu\u00edneos, da\u00f1os en el ADN y expresi\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica en \u00f3rganos como el h\u00edgado.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Resultados del estudio: da\u00f1os gen\u00e9ticos invisibles en los peces\u00a0<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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A simple vista, los peces no mostraron cambios importantes. No murieron ni cambiaron de peso. Pero el an\u00e1lisis interno ofreci\u00f3 otra imagen.<\/span><\/p>

En la sangre<\/strong>, se observ\u00f3 un aumento de gl\u00f3bulos rojos y una disminuci\u00f3n de trombocitos, se\u00f1ales de una posible respuesta de estr\u00e9s fisiol\u00f3gico.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Adem\u00e1s, el ADN de las c\u00e9lulas sangu\u00edneas<\/strong> mostr\u00f3 da\u00f1os gen\u00e9ticos, lo que indica que la exposici\u00f3n a nanopl\u00e1sticos puede afectar al material gen\u00e9tico incluso sin s\u00edntomas visibles.<\/span><\/p>

En el h\u00edgado<\/strong>, tambi\u00e9n aparecieron cambios relevantes. Se activaron genes relacionados con estr\u00e9s oxidativo y el metabolismo de grasas, dos procesos clave para el funcionamiento celular y la desintoxicaci\u00f3n de sustancias extra\u00f1as.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Lo que revelan estos cambios sobre el impacto real<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Una de las conclusiones m\u00e1s importantes del estudio es que los efectos de los pl\u00e1sticos en los peces pueden no verse de inmediato. Los peces no mostraron da\u00f1os externos, pero s\u00ed presentaron cambios internos detectables<\/strong> a nivel celular y molecular.<\/span><\/p>

Esto demuestra que exposiciones relativamente cortas ya pueden provocar respuestas biol\u00f3gicas significativas<\/strong>. <\/span>Subrayando la necesidad de prestar atenci\u00f3n al impacto de los nanopl\u00e1sticos en los ecosistemas marinos.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ciencia y acci\u00f3n ambiental: nuestra contribuci\u00f3n al estudio<\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Este estudio tambi\u00e9n pone en valor la colaboraci\u00f3n<\/strong> entre ciencia<\/strong> y acci\u00f3n ambiental<\/strong>. La recogida de pellets de pl\u00e1stico de Good Karma Projects permiti\u00f3 a los investigadores trabajar con material real procedente del entorno costero. As\u00ed, una accion de voluntariado se convirti\u00f3 tambi\u00e9n en una aportacion directa al avance cient\u00edfico.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Recoger residuos en las playas no solo sirve para retirar pl\u00e1stico del medio ambiente. Tambi\u00e9n ayuda a generar<\/span>\u00a0informaci\u00f3n \u00fatil<\/strong>\u00a0y a dar visibilidad<\/strong> a un problema que muchas veces pasa desapercibido.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Cada fragmento de pl\u00e1stico recogido puede contribuir a entender mejor c\u00f3mo afecta la contaminaci\u00f3n a los ecosistemas marinos. Y contribuye a que la ciencia pueda estudiar sus efectos de manera m\u00e1s precisa.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Cuidar el oc\u00e9ano: responsabilidad compartida<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Los oc\u00e9anos son la<\/span> columna vertebral de la vida de la Tierra: <\/span><\/a>regulan el clima, producen ox\u00edgeno y sostienen una enorme biodiversidad.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Sin embargo, la contaminaci\u00f3n por pl\u00e1sticos amenaza ese equilibrio. Cada botella, bolsa o fragmento que llega al mar pueden tener efectos que no se ven, pero que los organismos marinos s\u00ed sufren.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Por eso, desde Good Karma, creemos que lo peque\u00f1o importa. Proteger los oc\u00e9anos empieza mucho antes de que el problema llegue al mar.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\tSi quieres colaborar,<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\thazte Good Karmer.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHazte Good Karmer<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Good Karma Projects ha participado en un estudio de la UAB sobre los nanopl\u00e1sticos en peces marinos. El equipo recogi\u00f3 pellets en La Pineda y los us\u00f3 en laboratorio para generar part\u00edculas similares a las del oc\u00e9ano. Aunque los peces no mostraron da\u00f1os visibles, los an\u00e1lisis revelaron efectos internos en el ADN, la sangre y el h\u00edgado.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32695,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"content-boxed-container","ast-site-content-layout":"normal-width-container","site-content-style":"boxed","site-sidebar-style":"unboxed","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[148],"tags":[203,204],"class_list":["post-32245","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mpl-medpellets","tag-ciencia-ciudadana","tag-microplasticos"],"yoast_head":"\nNanopl\u00e1sticos en el mar: efectos invisibles en los peces<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La UAB estudi\u00f3 los efectos de los nanopl\u00e1sticos en peces con muestras reales recogidas por GKP. 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